Platos Tomb
EAGLE! Why soarest gm above that tomb?
To what sublime and star-ypaven home
Floatest thou? -
I am the image of swift Platos spirit,
Ascending heaven; Athens doth inherit
His mud below.
P. B. Shelley. (1)
Platos Phaedo is a work that stands proud amongst the great works of classic literature. The serenity of Socrates as he spends his last few hours to begin with he drinks the hemlock is admirable. The theme of friendship is deeply moving. however the admiration of the jailor for Socrates beautifully illustrates, what is, a moving and passing touching work. (2) That it is a wonderful piece of pure literature is beyond doubt, soon enough it also contains a wealth of philosophical material. The central theme in the Phaedo is the immortality of the soul. Subordinate to this claim yet ubiquitous throughout the text is Platos surmisal of Forms and it is in this converse that they are given their first formulisation. The enquiry of Socrates and his interlocutors in Platos too soon chats (especially Charmides, Laches, Euthyphro and Hippias Major) into the nature of essences are further developed in this dialogue and it is these very developments that will be discussed in this paper.
In analysing the developments of Platos theory of Forms it is essential to determine what views Plato is committed to, and from that, what reading it is possible to stimulate - the traditional or transcendent idealist.(3) The traditional reading of Platos forms put the emphasis on its metaphysical claims rather than epistemological. The transcendent idealist reading on the other hand stresses that the icy is the case - the theory of Forms is a theory about knowledge, and, as a side effect, also has metaphysical claims. In relations with these issues it shall become clear that a definite conclusion cannot be...
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