MISS C UNABLE TO looking at PAIN
* Bit off tip of tongue as nipper, third degree burns.
* Lab: no pain from shocks or forms of straining, e.g stick in nostrils.
* Died at 29 due to snapshot +extensive skin and bone trauma.
EARLY THEORIES (BIOMEDICAL)
SPECIFICITY THEORY:
* speak relationship between nerve endings and pain spots.
* rapture of pain stimulus is directly proportional to pain experience.
public figure THEORY
* Patterns of nerve impulses.
* Stimulation of sensory nerves through marginal damage.
* Further stimulus interpreted as pain.
VARIATIONS IN PAIN PERCEPTION
* inconvenience threshold:
* Sensation threshold (similar for all individuals).
* Pain perception threshold (cultural differences)
* Pain tolerance levels (cultural differences).
* Cultural factors- child birth, hook hanging rituals.
* Developmental factors- past experiences.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PAIN PERCEPTION
* CONDITIONING (PAVLOV1927)â€"Dogs paws received electric shock in the first place food. Salivate at signal (no pain) whimper if done to other paw.
* PAST EXPERIENCE (SCOTT 1975)â€"Scotts dogs raised in isolation, showed orientation towards flames exactly no avoidance to behaviour.
* Raised normally never scalded or pricked.
* MEANING OF THE SITUATION (BEECHER 1959)- 1/3 combat soldiers describe pain requiring morphine, 4/5 civils with comparable injuries requested it.
* sensing deteriated by other factors soldier: thankful of escape civilian: depressing event.
GATE CONTROL THEORY
* Pain is perception non a sensation.
* Individual is active not a still responder.
* Multiple causes of pain perception.
Opening and closing the gate
PROBLEMS
* Unexplanitory_ conceptual model
* remark still organic with psychological factors coming later in pain perception process.
REPORTED PAIN IN CHILDREN get EAR PIERCING- PREPERATION FROM ADULTS- SPPAFFORD
* 60 children SELF...If you want to get a enough essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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