Functionalism is a theory stressing the importance of interdependence
among all port patterns and institutions within a social system to its long destination selection. It was supported by French sociologist Emile Durkheim in the late nineteenth century. Functionalism was promoted in England by B. Malinowslu, who argued that cultural practices had psychological and physiological functions, such(prenominal) as the reduction of fear and anxiety, and the satisfaction of desires; and by A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, whose speculative work contended that all instituted practices ultimately contribute to the maintenance, and hence the survival of the entire social system.
Functionalism was supported in the United States by sociologist
Talcott Parsons, who introduced the nation that there were stable structural categories that made up the interdependent system of a society, and that functioned in such a way as to perpetuate a society. The functionalist approach has been criticized as an ideology that celebrates the states quo. Its detractors charge that it pays little attention to conflict and convert as essential features of social life, and simplifies the relationship between idiosyncratic agency and the structures of social action.
The doctrine that societies or social systems give birth needs and that we
can explain institutions and practices in terms of the functions they coiffure for the survival of the whole. Functionalist explanation is prevalent in all traditions in social science and there is no single shoal of modern functionalism. However, it is characteristic for functionalist accounts to draw analogies between the biological being and the social system, to view societies as made up of circumstances parts whose interrelation contributes to the maintenance of the whole, and to focus on the job of identify specifying forces that bring cohesion, integration, and equilibrium to society.
The origins of modern functionalism can be traced to Comte. Comte
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