The Effect Of E-commerce On Universities

[The Writer s Name][The Professor s Name][The Course Title][Date]The Effects of E-commerce on UniversitiesExecutive SummaryIt is no exaggeration save an authentic truth that information applied science has diversely affected all fields of business in hotshot direction or the opposite E-commerce has as well as a signifi peckt effect on the business and work sociable occasion of universities in multiple manners . Universities provide an grooming for our citizens . E-commerce is the deed , sales advertising and distri stillion of products or dish ups by dint of telecommunication network . E-commerce brings in the whole industry and activities corresponding applications , producers , information ex diversity , and economic exchange under single word called the network . E-commerce is highly dependent on the technology . Example : interconnectivity among satellites , tele communication theory , cables etc . E-commerce gather ups to keep in mind the carry out infrastructure , which involves the various means of making payment , distribution and delivery all over the internet possible Certain standards begin to be maintained if a country wants to indulge in e-commerce . More precisely , t several(prenominal)lying , research , and farthermingal service can be regarded as simply the current manifestations of the more than than fundamental shargons of creating , preserving , integrating , transmitting , and applying experience by means of E-Commerce tools . E-commerce gives internet as its major tool . It is a valuable average for international trade as it reduces communication costs , reduces time-to-market for goods and in analogous manner exports services . E-commerce simplifies handlees , reduces costs , and makes them more efficientIntroductionIt is non surprising that aright new-sprung(prenominal) digital technologies , which in effect ar knowledge media , accept the potential for major furbish up on severally of the m whatsoever and varied activities of the university . After all , this technology was actual in pct in our campus research laboratories by our expertness , and many of the earliest applications of information technology turn over been farm and deployed on our camp engagements . Yet , in truth , the nurtu current activities of the university submit tended to resist technology-driven change . Earlier technologies that were supposed to drive r developingary change - tv , ready reckoner-assisted instruction , and wireless communications - claim bounced off the scoreroom without a dent E-commerce has a transforming sham on the activities of the university , because of some(prenominal) its unusual and relentless pace of evolution and the manner in which it relaxes handed-d induce constraints much(prenominal) as place and time (Duderstadt , 78-84 ) on that point are already signs that the traditional rowroom lecture-based format of university instruction is evolving in response to the opportunities offered by digital technology Al most(prenominal) half of all university classes directly use Internet re credits as part of their syllabus , and over one-quarter arrive Web sites . Most savants and might move regularly victimisation E- get off or conferencing software . Even more great(p) transformations will be driven by today s generation of school-age childs who seek highly interactive , collaborative , and customized larn experiencesOne can easily identify changes go acrossring in the separate activities of the university . E-commerce has provided the scholar with herculean new tools to solve complex problems , simulate natural phenomena , and interact with colleagues . The library is becoming less a repository and more a boil down for knowledge navigation . Our capacity to procreate and distribute digital information with perfect accuracy and with basically zero cost has shaken the very foundations of copyright and unembellished law and threatens to redefine the nature of the letership of gifted belongings . Digital communications networks are allowing universities to extend their array of in the public eye(predicate) services far beyond the campus and even the state to en-compass the nation or even the world . The demand function occurs originally through a professor s lecturing to a class of students who in turn respond by reading delegate texts , paternity s , solving problems or performing experiments , and victorious examinations . A few students might too let reward of might office hours for a more intimate race , but this is alternatively rare for most students . The technology use is primitive , for the most part , consisting primarily of books , chalk boards , spontaneous lectures , and static images , occasionally assisted by audiooptical equipment and contain electronic communicationFrom Computer-Aided Instruction to Cyber property Learning CommunitiesAlthough it has been slow in coming , we are beginning to see primaeval signs of the impact of technology on commandment . Here we should clarify our terminology , since technology-assisted or computer-mediated instruction is frequently interpreted as online education , as exemplified by the asynchronous involveing networks or solidistic universities now springing up in higher(prenominal)(prenominal) education . The computer has been used to augment traditional classroom instruction for decades . Early applications such as the computer-aided instruction Plato system certain by the University of Illinois aimed to use the computer to enhance discipline by automating routine drills such as language repetition or self-paced instruction However , these were generally both resource-intensive and of marginal good in augmenting conventional classroom instructionFor many years universities have utilized passive telecommunications technology such as television to extend teaching to people unable or loth to attend campus-based classes . In its undecomposablest form , such publicize technology-assisted discipline is really a talking heads paradigm , in which faculty lectures are simply delivered at a distance through either live transmission or videotape . There have been efforts to broadcast such instruction on public television , augmented by written correspondence . A more rough-and-ready climb utilized on-site teaching assistants to work directly with the students . Some distance accomplishment allowed the use of student feedback via telephone or two-way video fundamental fundamental interaction with the instructor (in the case of live transmissionIt is not surprising that the early efforts to utilize e-commerce in higher education simply replaced the broadcast of lectures over television with passive lecture draws either distributed on CD-ROMs or streamed from Internet Web sites . Although there was usually some opportunity for student interaction and feedback through E-mail or chat rooms , the pedagogy was still very practically based on the deepen of knowledge in a lecture format . The aim was to use e-commerce to perform universalplace tasks more efficiently , such as providing course syllabi and readings or linking students with instructors . The real power of e-commerce can be achieved nevertheless when we instruct advantage of the liberation from the one-to-many character of broadcast media , to the many-to-many ability of digital networks . To this end , the most productive early applications of e-commerce in higher education involved using computer conferencing , electronic mail , listservs , and other computer-based collaboration technology to link together both students and faculty in highly interactive learning communities , free by geographical location or time (Hawkins , 63-75The most significant advantage of such computer-mediated learning is entranceway , the degree to which it frees learning opportunities from the constraints of space and time . It is understandable why the thingamabob of anytime-anyplace learning technologies is all-important(prenominal) to adult learners whose work or family obligations furbish up access to the residential university experience , an increasing number of on-campus students are as well using on-line learning to augment their classroom experiences since they , too , seek both the convenience and the learning resources provided through the InternetDistributed learning has a deeper significance than simply relaxing the barriers of space and time . Because of its interactive nature , it transforms learning from simply fascinating new knowledge to the act of creating knowledge . It provides new mechanisms for fatty social interactions that simply could not exist if restricted to personal contact . It provides both students and faculty with access to learning resources far beyond the boundary of the campus itself . Imagine , for instance , conducting a course on the public health implications of AIDS with the on-line elaborateness of students from African countries or a course in archaeology augmented by practical(prenominal) reality tours of various digging sites around the worldStudents already make extensive use of e-commerce for escaped learning typically without the involvement or even the sentiency of the faculty They body-build study groups , in some cases spanning several academic institutions , running(a) together to seek information , upshot questions and develop learning dexteritys . In a very real sense , such study groups based on computer networks are providing students with greater control over their educational experiences . They as well re devote a trend in which students construct their own consortia of learning resources - and academic institutions - just as the faculty build their own research consortia . Of course , these network-based student groups represent an important step toward active student learningVirtual reality - the use of visual , audio , and tactile sensations to create a simulated didactics and simulation and in gaming . However , higher education is more promising first to make use of distributed virtual(prenominal) environments , in which computers create sophisticated , three-dimensional graphical worlds distributed over networks and populated by the representations of people interacting together in real time . Such software representations of people in virtual worlds are cognise as avatars . Here the goal is not so more to simulate the physical world but to create a digital world more confirmative of human interaction (Feldman , 14-15 ) The software overtopd for such distributed virtual environments is social in nature . It is not so much designed to simulate reality as to enable converse and other forms of human collaborationAlthough we generally turn over of distributed learning as most useful to adult learners whose work or family obligations go along their attendance at conventional campuses , online learning has also become important within the traditional residential campus environment . both(prenominal) on campus and off , an increasing number of students and faculty atoms have access to broadband networks that allow them not only to access university resources such as libraries and student services , but also to form online learning communities through electronic mail , listservs , and other collaboration technologies . Their educational , research , and other university activities span both the physical campus and cyberspace (McRobbie , 122-26Even more important , on-line learning communities stimulate students to become more actively involved in the learning process , with the potential to importantly transform the way that learning occurs in the university , enabling the faculty to design and devour learning processes and environments that are far more effective than the traditional classroom lecture-based paradigm . Computer-based simulations and role- tacticsing exercises give students hands-on experiences in any subject . Networks provide ready access both to grand knowledge resources as well as to original source materials . The flexibility of network-based communication allows faculty members to tailor teaching styles to each student s needs , shifting the faculty member s role from a source of information to a supervisor or coach of the learning process (Wulf , 46-52 ) Perhaps most significantly , it has moved the consideration of learning once again to center stage in higher education , even in those research universities long henpecked by concerns of scholarship rather than teachingTo date , there has been relatively little attention granted to the way that information technology might reshape the cognitive process of learning . Furthermore , few seem to discern that information technology may break the long-accepted linkage amid economic measures such as expenditure per student or students per faculty and educational quality There seems to be control awareness of just how different a generation of students increase in a world of interactive electronic media is from their parents - and their teachersUnlike those of us who were raised in an era of passive , broadcast media such as radio and television , today s students expect - thusly , demand - interaction . They prefer to learn by doing , know new tasks through what we might regard as play . Their nonlinear style of learning seems inconsistent with the rigid , resultant approach of the traditional university curriculum , building a benefit of prerequisites that must be mastered in (Dolence , 210-16 ) Yet , there is some evidence that the highly experiential and interactive approach to learning by the digital generation may be particularly effective in a media-rich environmentThe new interactive resources provided by emerging information technology represent the jolt of the future for our society . As our knowledge base expands , set-apart individuals will increasingly lose their ability to know everything that they need to grapple with complex challenges . We must equip our students with the ability to intercept these new technologies . They must learn the difficult art of communication across disciplinary and cultural differences in the pursuit of common goals , discovering which collaborative tools serve us best for our different purposes .

The new literacy enabled by digital technologies is rapidly becoming an essential skill in a knowledge-driven society and a responsibility of higher education (Daniel , 39-43The new knowledge media may fundamentally change what it means to be a professor and a student at our universities . Faculty members may become more like coaches or consultants than didactic teachers , designing learning experiences and providing skills instead of conveyance specific content . Even our introductory courses may take on a form now reserved for only the most advanced seminar classes , thereby allowing more personal interaction . Not only do these new technologies create educational opportunities , but they also represent the literacy of our future . The medium of intellectual communication is in the process of evolving from the journal article to more comprehensive multimedia and even interactive documents . These shifts portend ample changes in the ways that information is manipulated and interaction is structured in our society . Universities cannot call themselves successful unless they provide students with the fundamental skills that they require in the twenty-first centuryIn these new learning paradigms , the word student becomes largely obsolete , because it describes the passive role of absorbing content selected and conveyed by teachers . Instead , we should probably begin to refer to the clients of the twenty-first-century university as active learners , since they will increasingly demand responsibility for their own learning experiences and outcomes . There is strong evidence that the traditional class lecture approach to university education is one of the least effective forms of learning . Studies show that the more that one is involved in the learning experience , the more that one learns . In a future increasingly dominated by sophisticated educational commodities and hyper learning experiences , the role of the faculty member will shift ( de Alva , 190-94 ) In these new paradigms the role of the faculty member becomes that of nurturing and manoeuvre active learning , not identifying and presenting content . That is , they will be expected to inspire , motivate , manage , and coach studentsMore specifically , faculty members of the twenty-first-century university will find it necessary to set parenthesis their roles as teachers and instead become designers of learning experiences , processes , and environments . In the process , tomorrow s faculty members may have to discard the present style of solitary learning experiences , in which students tend to learn primarily on their own through reading , writing and problem solving . Instead , they may be asked to develop collective learning experiences in which students work together and learn together with the faculty member becoming more of a consultant or a coach than a teacherConclusionThis is likely to become the value of the university - to create learning communities and to introduce students into these communities Under- alumnas are introduced to communities associated with academic disciplines and professions . Graduate students and professional students are involved in more specialize communities of experience and expertise . From this perspective , one of the important roles of the university is to certify through the awarding of degrees that students have had adapted learning experience with a variety of communitiesOnce we have realized that the core competence of the university is not simply transferring knowledge but developing it within intricate and robust networks and communities , we realize that the simple distance-learning paradigm of the virtual university is inadequate . The key is to develop computer-mediated communications and communities that are released from the constraints of space and time (Brown , 11-19 ) In true learning communities the distinction between teachers and students blurs . Both groups become active learners , working together to benefit each other . While this duality is commonplace at the level of graduate education , where graduate students frequently learn more about a specialized subject than their faculty advisers , it is far less common in undergraduate education . Yet , we have long known that some of the most significant learning occurs when one also serves as a teacher Advanced undergraduates should be promote to assume such teaching roles , not only to other undergraduates but even on occasion to faculty members themselvesSuch learning communities seem better aligned with how learning really should occur in a university . The classroom paradigm is usually dominated by one-way information flow from the faculty member to the student . Learning is not simply information transfer . It involves a complex array of social interactions in which the student interacts not only with the faculty member but also with other students , the environment , and possibly objects as well , for event , books ! The role of the university and the faculty should be to facilitate the formation of learning communities , both through formal academic programs and through social , extracurricular , and cultural activities that contribute to learning in the university . When students and faculty join such communities , they share the ideas , values , and practices that lead to learningPerhaps part of our difficulty in reconceptualizing the university experience is that we still tend to think of the baccalaureate degree as a well-defined learning experience that prepares a student for life , but today learning has become a lifelong activity . at present s students will need to continue to learn , through both formal and informal methods throughout their livesWorks CitedBrown , John Seely , and Paul Duguid . Universities in the Digital Age Change 28 , no . 4 (July 1996 , 11-19Daniel , John S . Mega-Universities and Knowledge Media . London : Kogan Page , 1996 . 39-43de Alva , Jorge Klor . remaking the Academy in the Age of randomness Issues in erudition and engine room . Washington , DC : field Academy entreat , 1999 . 190-94Dolence , Michael G , and Donald M Norris Transforming Higher Education A mint for Learning in the 21st deoxycytidine monophosphate . Ann Arbor : participation for College and University Planning , 2005 . 210-16Duderstadt , James J . A University for the 21st Century . Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press , 2000 . 78-84Feldman , Stuart . Presentation on engineering Futures at the Workshop on the Impact of Information applied science on the Future of the Research University . January 22 , 2001 . 14-15Hawkins , Brian L . technology , Higher Education , and a Very Foggy watch glass Ball Educause Review 35 , no . 6 (2000 , 65-73McRobbie , Michael A , and Judith G . Palmer . Strategic and Financial Planning for Information applied science in Higher Education In Forum Futures 2000 , change by Maureen E . Devlin and Joel W . Meyerson . San Francisco : JosseyBass , 2001 . 122-26Wulf , William A . Warning : Information Technology Will Transform the University Issues in Science and Technology 11 , no . 4 . Washington DC : National Academy Press , 2005 , 46-52 . Author s Last Name knave 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, rate it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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